Du Bois discusses his vision of the role Black-owned businesses ought to play in their communities. 'Business as Public Service.' The Crisis 131 (Nov. The following are a sampling of historical sources, books, and articles related to advertising Black businesses and advertising to Black consumers during the Great Depression.ДЇull citation: Du Bois, W. Barnett also saw the untapped potential in the largely ignored Black consumer market and encouraged all American businesses to advertise in Black newspapers to reach Black consumers. The Associated Negro Press (ANP), founded in 1919 by Claude Barnett, provided members, 95% of which were Black newspapers, with national news items in order to help standardize and provide equitable access to major news stories. More generally, major Black newspapers and periodicals (like the Amsterdam News, Chicago Defender, Pittsburgh Courier, Memphis Tri-State Defender, Michigan Chronicle, The Crisis and other publications) have been a great source for historical advertisements, if not statistics. In 1929, the marketing campaign 'Buy Where You Can Work' or 'Don't Buy Where You Can't Work' encouraged Black consumers to only shop at businesses that hire Black employees. Brown of Montgomery, AL and affiliated with the NNBL, aided local Black-owned grocery stories in Mobile, Alabama to pool their advertising budgets in 1928/29 and make a marketing campaign to counter consumers' shift towards chain groceries like A & P. The Colored Merchants Association, founded in 1928 by A. The National Negro Business League (NNBL) commissioned surveys and collected valuable data about Black consumers in the late 1920s and early 1930s. (1998) is a useful survey of the 20th century, has tables of statistics and citations, and replicates the National Negro Business League Black Consumer Questionnaire of 1931 in its appendix. The book Desegregating the Dollar: African American Consumerism in the Twentieth Century by Robert E. Edwards.Д«lack businesspeople were routinely marginalized and excluded from major trade associations and publications throughout the 1920s and 1930s. Library of Congress.Дiscussions of African American consumers in major advertising trade publications like PrintersвЂ™ Ink in the late 1920s and early 1930s were based largely on racist speculation, not actual market research, until the publication of the first mainstream book of consumer research about African American consumers in 1932: The Southern Urban Negro as a Consumer by Paul K. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers.

In the twentieth century advertising